migraine report of patient pdf

How to heal a migram?

• Triptans: available as pills, shots, or nasal sprays, taken at the onset of a migraine to alleviate symptoms
• Dihydroergotamines: available as a nasal spray or injection; most beneficial to alleviate symptoms of migraines that would normally last more than 24 hours
• Tricyclic antidepressants: prescribed to prevent migraines

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What treatments are available for migraine?

from nerve cells. As well as injectable treatments that help prevent migraine, there are also two injectable treatment options approved for the acute treatment of migraine. These treatments, sumatriptan (Imitrex) and dihydroergotamine (DHE), can treat migraine episodes as they occur.

What is the first line treatment for a migraine?

• Educate patients with migraine about the risk of MOH with frequent overuse of acute medication.
• Manage established MOH by explanation and withdrawal of the overused medication; abrupt withdrawal is preferred, except for opioids.
• Recognize and, when possible, modify risk factors for the transformation of episodic migraine to chronic migraine.

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How to diagnose migraine?

“Migraine, typically, is going to be a throbbing pain,” Dr. Csere says. “It can be unilateral, typically associated with either nausea and or light and sound sensitivity and is worsened with activity or movement.” Remember, a stress migraine and a tension headache aren’t the same—and they feel very different.

How do you explain a migraine to a patient?

How do you describe to someone something they may never experience?Explain your symptoms and how they affect you personally. ... Explain your symptoms through analogies others can understand. ... Talk openly about your migraine to those important to you.

How do doctors assess migraines?

There's no specific test to diagnose migraines. For an accurate diagnosis to be made, a GP must identify a pattern of recurring headaches along with the associated symptoms. Migraines can be unpredictable, sometimes occurring without the other symptoms. Obtaining an accurate diagnosis can sometimes take time.

Which test is used to detect migraine?

MRI. This test produces very clear pictures, or images, of the brain without the use of X-rays. It uses a large magnet, radio waves, and a computer to produce these images. An MRI may be recommended if you are getting daily or almost daily headaches.

What are the five stages of a migraine?

Migraines, which often begin in childhood, adolescence or early adulthood, can progress through four stages: prodrome, aura, attack and post-drome. Not everyone who has migraines goes through all stages.

What is best treatment for migraine?

Many people who have migraines find that over-the-counter painkillers, such as paracetamol, aspirin and ibuprofen, can help to reduce their symptoms. They tend to be most effective if taken at the first signs of a migraine attack, as this gives them time to absorb into your bloodstream and ease your symptoms.

How do you make a migraine diary?

Here's what to record in a migraine diaryWrite down symptoms in your migraine diary. ... Record prodrome symptoms in your migraine tracker journal. ... Note the location and quality of headache pain. ... Record the severity of migraine. ... Record your migraine triggers. ... Track your migraines' timing.More items...

What causes migraine?

The exact cause of migraines is unknown, but they're thought to be the result of abnormal brain activity temporarily affecting nerve signals, chemicals and blood vessels in the brain.

Can an MRI show migraines?

An MRI can't diagnose migraines, cluster, or tension headaches, but it can help doctors rule out other medical conditions that may cause your symptoms, such as: A brain tumor. An infection in your brain, called an abscess. The buildup of fluid in the brain, called hydrocephalus.

Why do migraines happen?

One aspect of migraine pain theory explains that migraine pain happens due to waves of activity by groups of excitable brain cells. These trigger chemicals, such as serotonin, to narrow blood vessels. Serotonin is a chemical necessary for communication between nerve cells.

What is the last stage of migraine?

The last phase is the postdrome phase, also known as a “migraine hangover.” It's common to have a postdrome phase, but you may not. It doesn't involve pain like the headache phase, but it can cause its own symptoms for 24 to 48 hours after your migraine ends. These symptoms can include: Trouble concentrating.

Where is migraine pain located?

Migraines. A migraine is a headache that can cause severe throbbing pain or a pulsing sensation, usually on one side of the head. Migraine attacks can last hours or even days with pain can so severe that it interferes with daily activities.

Can migraines cause death?

Migraine headaches are unlikely to cause death or brain damage directly. However, there may be an increased risk of cardiovascular events with migraine and an increased risk of stroke in people who have migraine with aura.

Abstract

Migraine is one of the most common and misunderstood disease encountered in general medical practice. Migraine extracts a significant personal, psychological, social, and economical toll from migraineurs and their families.

References (12)

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.

What are the symptoms of migraine?

Migraine is a complex neurological condition, which can affect the whole body and can result in many symptoms as nausea, vomiting, photophobia (Increased sensitivity to light), phonobhobia (Increased sensitivity to sound) and osmophobia (Increased sensitivity to smell).

What is migraine headache?

Migraine is a recurrent throbbing or pulsing headache with moderate to severe pain intensity. The pain is often one side of the head with nausea and weakness symptoms. Around 12 percent of Americans, 9 percent of Asians experiences migraine and the prevalence is highest among South Koreans (22.3%).

What is temporary disability due to migraine?

The occurrence of temporary disability due to migraine attack creates a significant impact to the migraine patients' work and activities lead to impairment in productivity and quality of life of the patients [1]. ... Migraine is a recurrent throbbing or pulsing headache with moderate to severe pain intensity.

How common is migraine in the US?

The rate of prevalence of migraine is found to be 17.6% in female adults and 5.7% in the male population in the United States. The cumulative lifetime incidence of migraine is 43% in women and 18% in men [1].

How long does barbiturates affect migraines?

3) Triptans induced migraine progression in those with high frequency of migraine at baseline (10-14 days per month), but not overall.

How to get rid of migraines?

In addition to drug therapy, adequate rest, balanced diet, yoga and meditation will help patients to get rid of migraine severity. A multi-dimensional approach is essential for better control over migraine symptoms. ... [14] Chronic migraines occur in approximately 1.4 to 2.2% of the population. [15] .

Is migraine related to depression?

The prevalence of depression was only significantly associated with disease duration (p=0.027) and the number of migraine attacks (p=0.015). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the prevalence of depression was found to be significantly high among migraine patients, therefore migraine might be related to depression.

What are triggers in migraines?

“’Triggers” are specific factors that may increase your risk of having a migraine attack. The migraine sufferer has inherited a sensitive nervous system that under certain circumstances can lead to migraine.

How early can you tell if you have a migraine?

Migraines can often be preceded by symptoms (called prodrome symptoms) that can serve as early warning signs. These symptoms typically occur 6-24 hours prior to headache and may include:

What is MIDAS in healthcare?

The MIDAS (Migraine Disability Assessment) questionnaire was put together to help you measure the impact your headaches have on your life. The information on this questionnaire is also helpful for your primary care provider to determine the level of pain and disability caused by your headaches and to find the best treatment for you.

What is the name of the technique that uses fine metal needles to help the body return to a balanced state?

Acupuncture/Acupressure: Using fine metal needles or mechanical pressure, the acupuncturist manipulates energy called Chi (also spelled Qi) to help the individual return to a balanced state. Individuals can also practice Tai Chi or Qi Gong to balance Chi.

Why is a headache diary important?

Diaries can be a useful tool to identify triggers, to keep track of your headaches, and to help your health care provider better understand your headaches. The headache diary also helps monitor changes in headache frequency and severity. An on-line

Does exercise help with migraines?

Because of its stress-relieving benefits, regular exercise has the potential to reduce the frequency of migraines. However, for some people with recurring migraines, exercise can provoke an attack. To avoid or limit the severity of exercise-induced headaches, the National Headache foundation recommends:

Can food trigger migraines?

Food triggers do not necessarily contribute to migraines in all individuals, and particular foods may trigger attacks in certain people only on occasion. Be your own expert by keeping a journal of foods you have eaten before a migraine attack and see whether the removal or reduction of certain foods from your diet improves your headaches.

How to manage migraines?

One of the important parts in managing patients with migraine is to help them learn how to manage their own illness. This includes educating them about the cascade of events that occurs with each attack. Understanding that early treatment will improve response to therapy is an important component to also realizing that this approach will lead to less medication use and less disability. Learning how to recognize migraine versus other headache types (e.g., tension-type headache) will also help the patient to know when to take a migraine-specific medication or other analgesic. Preliminary studies have been done that assess the efficacy of giving triptans during an aura. When given during an aura, triptans do not show consistent efficacy in aborting or preventing the migraine. Therefore, until further studies are done, it is also helpful to educate the patient to not take their triptan during the aura phase but rather early in the pain phase of the attack.

How is migraine treated?

Pharmacologic treatment of migraine can involve both acute and preventive interventions. Patients with frequent headache may require both approaches. Acute treatment is aimed at aborting the headache, whereas preventive treatment is geared toward reducing the frequency and severity of anticipated attacks.

How long does it take for triptans to work?

Triptans, relative to nonspecific therapies, including analgesics and NSAIDs, provide rapid onset of action (between 15 minutes and 1 hour, depending on the formulation), are highly effective in relieving migraine pain symptoms, and have a favorable side effect profile.

What is the pharmacologic treatment for migraine?

The pharmacologic treatment of migraine encompasses several stages. Choice of initial acute therapy depends on the severity and intensity of the migraine, the presence of comorbid conditions, patient preferences, and past therapeutic response profile.

What are the triggers of migraines?

Dietary factors are also frequently reported triggers, although few have been scientifically validated. Although the impact of food triggers probably is not great for the population, their impact could be for the individual. Oversleeping and sleep deprivation are commonly recognized triggers. Patients should maintain a routine bedtime and avoid sleeping in.Hormonal headaches are triggered by variations in female estrogen levels and possibly other hormonal factors. Noise, bright lights, and fumes are commonly identified migraine triggers. Physical exertion can cause headache of the subtype, exercise-induced migraine.

Is migraine medication available in oral form?

Migraine medications are available in a number of formulations. It is important to match the formulation to the headache characteristics and the patient’s preferences. Most migraine medications are available as oral formulations. For patients who require a more rapid onset of pain relief, or in whom nausea and vomiting are prominent, there are other options:

Should I keep a headache diary?

Patients should be encouraged to keep a headache diary for both diagnostic and treatment purposes. Review of the diary may yield previously unrecognized patterns of headache, including migraine triggers. Work with the patient to identify possible tr iggers, and discuss possible strategies to avoid or minimize exposure.