hospital report hiv patient

Reporting of CD4<500 and positive viral loads indicating HIV related illness will occur via laboratory reporting. Physicians are asked to complete a report form for newly diagnosed cases of HIV and AIDS. If in doubt about whether the patient has been previously reported, complete a report; duplicate reports will be deleted.

Full Answer

Are HIV+ patients who are part of a research study reportable?

Individuals in research studies generally receive primary care; their primary care provider is required to report initial diagnosis of HIV and AIDS, and CD4<500 and positive viral load results done as part of primary care are reportable. Why are patients who test HIV+, who are part of research vaccine trials, not being reported?

How do I Report HIV/AIDS cases?

Please refer to the appropriate state or local health department HIV surveillance program for specific guidance on reporting requirements in your local area. Completed case reports should be forwarded to the health departments and not be sent directly to CDC.

Do source patients have to report HIV tests to the DOH?

Concern relates to possible reluctance to be HIV tested by source patients who will be informed that a positive HIV test must be reported to the DOH. The regulations do not provide any exceptions to HIV reporting in the case of an occupational bloodborne pathogen exposure.

Are HIV infection reports representative of all HIV-infected persons?

HIV infection reports that are now integral to public health programs in many states are not anticipated to be representative of all HIV-infected persons. Such reports represent only those persons within the infected population who are tested and reported at a given time.

Do positive HIV results have to be reported?

Overview. The California Code of Regulations (17 CCR 2643.10) requires that positive cases of HIV be reported to the local health authority.

What is the reporting protocol for HIV?

ACUTE HIV INFECTION REPORTING Labs and health care providers may call (213) 351-8516 to report a case of acute HIV infection. California law (17 CCR §2505) requires laboratories to report positive tests for syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia trachomatis infections, including lymphogranuloma venereum.

Do doctors have to disclose their HIV status?

Doctors generally need a patient's written consent to disclose HIV-related information to employers and others requiring medical forms. These consent requirements are in HIPAA and many state laws, including New York's.

What is the reporting time for HIV?

California law requires health care providers to report by name suspected Acute HIV infections within 1 working day (by telephone) and to report cases of HIV infection and AIDS by name within 1 week.

Which STI needs to be reported?

STI and HIV/AIDS cases should be reported in accordance with state and local statutory requirements. Syphilis (including congenital syphilis), gonorrhea, chlamydia, chancroid, and HIV are reportable diseases in every state.

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What are the factors that influence HIV testing?

Testing and reporting may be influenced by factors other than the incidence and prevalence of AIDS, e.g., public awareness of risk factors, confidentiality concerns, and testing accessibility. While HIV infection reports complement other HIV/AIDS studies of HIV infection in a community (5,6), AIDS surveillance and the HIV family of surveys (7) ...

How many states require HIV testing?

Eighteen (64%) of the 28 states require HIV reporting by patient's name (Figure 1); however, under certain circumstances, 10 of the 18 states permit anonymous testing and therefore do not receive names on some reports. Most states request basic demographic data, and more than half request HIV risk information.

Does HIV affect the immune system?

This results in a weakened immune system, making persons with HIV or AIDS at risk for many different types of infections. Transmission of HIV to patients while in healthcare settings is rare. However, proper sterilization and disinfection procedures are required to prevent infection risks. Most exposures do not result in infection.

Is HIV transmission rare?

Although HIV transmission is possible in healthcare settings, it is extremely rare . Medical experts emphasize that the careful practice of infection control procedures, including universal precautions (i.e., using protective practices and personal protective equipment to prevent transmission of HIV and other bloodborne infections), protects patients as well as healthcare providers from possible HIV transmission in medical and dental settings. Healthcare personnel are at risk for occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens including HIV. Important factors that influence the overall risk for occupational exposures to bloodborne pathogens include the number of infected individuals in the patient population and the type and number of blood contacts. Transmission of HIV to patients while in healthcare settings is rare; however, proper sterilization and disinfection procedures are required.

What happens if you test positive for HIV?

If your HIV test is positive, the clinic or other testing site will report the results to your state health department. They do this so that public health officials can monitor what’s happening with the HIV epidemic in your city and state. (It’s important for them to know this, because Federal and state funding for HIV services is often targeted ...

What is the duty to warn in a clinic?

Some states also have laws that require clinic staff to notify a “third party” if they know that person has a significant risk for exposure to HIV from a patient the staff member knows is infected with HIV. This is called “duty to warn.”.

What agency is responsible for removing personal information from a test?

Your state health department will then remove all of your personal information (name, address, etc.) from your test results and send the information to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC is the Federal agency responsible for tracking national public health trends.

Do you have to tell your partner if you test positive for HIV?

Many states and some cities have partner-notification laws—meaning that, if you test positive for HIV, you (or your healthcare provider) may be legally obligated to tell your sex or needle-sharing partner (s).

Who is required to report HIV cases in New York?

All diagnostic and clinical providers (physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, nurses, midwives) are required to report cases that meet the criteria outlined above. Laboratories performing HIV testing are required to report to the New York State Department of Health.

What is a first report of HIV positive test results?

First report of HIV positive test results, including Acute HIV Infection and persons diagnosed with HIV-2. Previously diagnosed HIV (non-AIDS): Reporting required by a medical provider who is seeing the patient for the first time and patient has not met criteria for AIDS. Initial/new diagnosis of AIDS:

What is the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene's HIV Epidemiology Program?

All HIV nucleotide sequences generated by genotype testing. The NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene's (DOHMH) HIV Epidemiology Program (HEP) is authorized to investigate reports for persons reported from New York City to confirm the fact and date of diagnosis or laboratory test.

What is the number to call for CNAP?

Please call CNAP at (212) 693-1419, or call 311 and ask for CNAP.

What is the law on HIV reporting?

It's the law! Article 21 (Title 3, Section 2130) requires health care providers to report HIV-related events on the Medical Provider Report Form (PRF). Allows for monitoring of HIV and AIDS in New York City, such as: Where HIV is spreading. Identifying the number of people infected and potentially needing medical and/or social services.

What is the law in New York State regarding HIV?

New York State Public Health Law Article 21 (Chapter 163 of the Laws of 1998) requires that providers discuss with HIV-infected individuals their options for informing sexual and needle-sharing partners that they may have exposed to HIV. The Contact Notification Assistance Program (CNAP) of the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene provides assistance to HIV-positive individuals and to providers who would like help with notifying partners.

When did the AIDS law change in New York?

The newly amended law took effect on June 1, 2000.

Who can order a HIV test?

Only physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants and nurse mid-wives are authorized to order an HIV test. These individuals are required to report. An HIV counselor can be designated by the physician who ordered the test to complete and submit the report form, but the form must be signed by the physician.

What is HIV infection?

For the purpose of this legislation, HIV infection is defined as infection with the human immunodeficiency viruses that are the cause of AIDS or as the term may be defined from time to time by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the United States Public Health Service.

How will reports be unduplicated by DOH?

Please clarify how reports will be unduplicated by DOH? Each report received will be matched to the list which contains identifying information on all reported individuals. Duplicate reports will be removed and newly identified reports will be added to the list. This is a standard process which has been done for AIDS Surveillance since the mid-1980s.

What is the number to call for provider reporting in New York?

Providers not yet enrolled with the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene who have not already received an enrollment package should call 212/442-3388 to arrange for enrollment in the provider reporting program and for pick-up of report forms.

Is HIV a primary care diagnosis?

Individuals in research studies generally receive primary care; their primary care provider is required to report initial diagnosis of HIV and AIDS, and CD4<500 and positive viral load results done as part of primary care are reportable.

Does HIV affect insurance?

Testing positive for HIV after June 1, 2000, does not affect insurance policies any differently than testing positive for HIV prior to June 1. The State HIV reporting registry data are not shared with or disclosed to health or life insurers.

Can you give consent to a confidential HIV test?

Yes. The form, "Informed Consent to Perform a Confidential HIV Test and Authorization for Release of HIV Related Information for Purposes of Providing Post Exposure Care to a Health Care Worker Exposed to a Patient's Blood or Body Fluids" (#4054) (PDF, 53 KB, 2pg.) has been updated per the regulations.

Who can answer HIV questions?

You may need to direct your questions to different people, depending on what you need or want to know. HIV health care providers (doctors, nurse practitioners, physician assistants) can answer questions about a wide range of issues that affect your health. These include: How HIV is affecting your body.

What do you need to see if you have HIV?

In addition to seeing your primary HIV health care provider, during a visit you also may need to see a specialist, or access the special skills of a nurse, pharmacist, nutritionist, social worker, case manager, or patient navigator, de pending on your needs . Preparing a plan can help make this easier.

What to include in HIV treatment?

Include a list of any HIV medications you may have taken in the past and any problems you had when taking them. Bring a copy of your medical records if your provider does not already have them, including visits to specialists.

What are the issues with medication?

Medication issues, including medication changes, new medications, side effects and how to manage them, and medication interactions. Sexual health issues, including questions about any sexual symptoms you may be having, how you can prevent or treat STIs, and how you can prevent transmitting HIV to your partner (s)

How often should I see a doctor for HIV?

Current HIV treatment guidelines recommend that most people with HIV see their health care provider for lab tests every 6 months. Some people may see their provider more frequently, especially during the first two years of treatment or if their HIV viral load is high or detectable. People who take their HIV medication every day and have an undetectable viral load at every test for more than two years usually only need to have their lab tests checked twice a year.

What to do if you missed a dose of HIV?

Talk about any HIV medication doses you have missed. Tell your provider about your current sexual or alcohol/drug use activities and your history. These behaviors can put you at risk of developing drug resistance or getting other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as well as viral hepatitis.

How does a provider work with you?

Your provider will work with you to develop strategies to stay as healthy as possible. Describe any side effects you may be having. Your provider will want to know how the HIV medications are affecting your body in order to work with you to solve any problems and find the right combination of medications for you.

How many HIV patients were in the US in 1990?

Based on the 1989-1990 surveys, an estimated 225,000 HIV-infected patients were cared for in the 5,558 acute-care U.S. hospitals in 1990; 163,000 of these HIV-infected patients were estimated to have a primary diagnosis other than HIV/AIDS.

Why is it important to protect the confidentiality of HIV test results?

necessary steps to protect the confidentiality of test results. The ability of facilities to assure confidentiality of patients' test information and the public's confidence in that ability are crucial to efforts to increase the number of persons being counseled and tested for HIV infection.

Does HIV counseling help?

In addition, counseling and testing may help some persons change high-risk sexual and drug-use behaviors and thereby prevent HIV transmission to others (18 -22). HIV counseling and testing programs are not a substitute for universal precautions or other infection-control techniques (23).

Should hospitals and associated clinics encourage HIV testing?

Hospitals and associated clinics should encourage. health-care providers to routinely ask patients about their risks for HIV infection and offer HIV counseling and voluntary testing services to patients at risk (1). Patients should give informed consent for testing in accordance with local laws.

Can you decline HIV testing?

Persons who decline HIV testing or who consent to testing. and are HIV antibody positive must not be denied needed medical care or provided suboptimal care. HIV-infected persons should receive medical evaluation for HIV infection and specific therapies and prevention services as needed.

Can HIV be tested as a substitute for universal precautions?

HIV testing programs must not be used as a substitute for. universal precautions and other infection-control techniques.

Does limited information support the belief that knowledge of a patient's HIV status decreases the risk of infection for health

Limited information does not support the belief that knowledge of a patient's HIV status decreases the risk of infection for health-care workers through closer adherence to universal precautions (24,25).

Why is it important to know about HIV?

Why it’s important: For women living with HIV, abnormal cell growth in the cervix is common, and abnormal anal cells are common for both men and women living with HIV. These abnormal cells may become cancerous if they aren’t treated. Why it’s important: Some people who are living with HIV are also coinfected with hepatitis.

Why is it important to check for hepatitis?

Why it’s important: Some people who are living with HIV are also coinfected with hepatitis. Checking you for hepatitis A, B, and C infection can help your provider to determine if you need to be treated, or if you are a candidate for one of the existing hepatitis A or B vaccines. (Read more about how hepatitis affects people living with HIV.)

Why is it important to get a viral load test?

It’s important to get a viral load test to see the level of HIV in your blood before starting treatment and help guide the choice of HIV medications and then to get repeat tests to track your response to HIV treatment. Complete Blood Count (CBC): This is a measure of the concentration of red blood cells, white blood cells, ...

What is the CD4 count of an uninfected adult?

The CD4 count of an uninfected adult/adolescent who is generally in good health ranges from 500 cells/mm 3 to 1,600 cells/mm 3. In contrast, if HIV has destroyed so many CD4 cells that you have a CD4 count of fewer than 200/mm 3, you are considered to have progressed to stage 3 (AIDS), the most advanced stage of HIV infection. ...

What does a drug resistance test reveal?

It can reveal infections, anemia (abnormality in your red blood cells), and other medical issues. Drug Resistance Tests: HIV can change form, making it resistant to some HIV medicines. A drug resistance test helps your provider identify which, if any, HIV medicines will not be effective against the strain of HIV you have. ...

What is STD screening?

Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) Screening: These screening tests check for syphilis, gonorrhea and chlamydia. Why it’s important: STDs can also cause serious health problems if not treated Having an STD also can increase your risk of transmitting HIV to others.

Can you eat before a blood test for HIV?

You should not to eat for several hours before these blood tests. Why it’s important: Some HIV medications can affect your cholesterol levels and the way your body processes and stores fat. High lipids can make you prone to other medical problems, including heart problems.