clinical summary report for diabetic patient

Clinical manifestations depend on the level of the patient’s hyperglycemia. Polyuria or increased urination. Polyuria occurs because the kidneys remove excess sugar from the blood, resulting in a higher urine production.

Full Answer

What is included in this publication on diabetes?

This publication includes information and data on diabetes, preventive care practices, health outcomes, and risk factors such as race, ethnicity, level of education, and prediabetes.

What are the standards of care for diabetics in hospitals?

Diabetes Care in the Hospital” in the complete 2022 Standards of Care for a comprehensive review of the inpatient use of these medications. 16.9 A hypoglycemia management protocol should be adopted and implemented by each hospital or hospital system. A plan for preventing and treating hypoglycemia should be established for each patient.

What are the criteria to confirm diabetes in patients?

According to WHO, there are three main criteria to be met to confirm diabetes in patients. The first would be symptoms of diabetes which include thirst, polydipsia, loss of weight and polyuria are seen in patients and their casual plasma glucose ≥ 11mmol/L.

How is persistent hyperglycaemia diagnosed in diabetes mellitus (DM)?

For the diagnosis of DM, hyperglycaemia must be established before confirming that the patient has DM. “Persistent” hyperglycaemia needs to be confirmed and in order to do so, at least two plasma glucose measurements must be taken on separate days.

What is a summary of diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic (long-lasting) health condition that affects how your body turns food into energy. Most of the food you eat is broken down into sugar (also called glucose) and released into your bloodstream. When your blood sugar goes up, it signals your pancreas to release insulin.

What is the clinical diagnosis of diabetes?

Diabetes is diagnosed and managed by checking your glucose level in a blood test. There are three tests that can measure your blood glucose level: fasting glucose test, random glucose test and A1c test.

What are normal diabetic reports?

A blood sugar level less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) is normal. A reading of more than 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) after two hours indicates diabetes. A reading between 140 and 199 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L and 11.0 mmol/L) indicates prediabetes.

What are pertinent assessments for a diabetic patient?

A diabetes-focused examination includes vital signs, funduscopic examination, limited vascular and neurologic examinations, and a foot assessment. Other organ systems should be examined as indicated by the patient's clinical situation.

What is the normal HbA1C level?

For people without diabetes, the normal range for the hemoglobin A1c level is between 4% and 5.6%. Hemoglobin A1c levels between 5.7% and 6.4% mean you have prediabetes and a higher chance of getting diabetes. Levels of 6.5% or higher mean you have diabetes.

What are the clinical features you might see in a person who has had diabetes for decades?

People who have had diabetes for a long time might develop a type of nerve damage called diabetic neuropathy (pronounced: noo-RAH-puh-thee). Diabetic neuropathy can affect nerves in many different parts of the body. The most common early symptoms are numbness, tingling, or sharp pains in the feet or lower legs.

What is the normal range of FBS and Ppbs?

A fasting blood sugar or FBS value of 70 to 90 and post prandial blood sugar or PPBS value of 120 to 140 is considered to be normal. However, fluctuations appear in these levels which could be either age related or genetic.

What is Ppbs report?

The Postprandial glucose test or PPBS is a glucose test done on the blood that helps determine the type of sugar, also known as glucose after a certain meal. Carbohydrate foods are the main sources of glucose and it is a primary source of energy present in the body.

What glucose level is diabetic?

A fasting blood sugar level of 99 mg/dL or lower is normal, 100 to 125 mg/dL indicates you have prediabetes, and 126 mg/dL or higher indicates you have diabetes.

What is a nursing diagnosis for diabetes?

Nursing Diagnosis: Risk for Unstable Blood Glucose Level related to insufficient blood glucose monitoring and lack of compliance to diabetes management and medications secondary to Type 2 diabetes mellitus as evidenced by increased thirstiness and persistent urination.

How do you write a nursing diagnosis?

A nursing diagnosis has typically three components: (1) the problem and its definition, (2) the etiology, and (3) the defining characteristics or risk factors (for risk diagnosis). BUILDING BLOCKS OF A DIAGNOSTIC STATEMENT. Components of an NDx may include problem, etiology, risk factors, and defining characteristics.

What are the nursing management for diabetes?

Nursing Care Plan for Diabetes 7Nursing Interventions for DiabetesRationalesProvide careful skin care. Massage the limbs and keep the skin dry. Provide wrinkle-free linens.To reduce the risk of skin breakdown that may lead to infection. To facilitate a better peripheral blood circulation.4 more rows

What is the diabetes report card?

The Diabetes Report Card#N#pdf icon#N#[PDF – 3MB] provides current information on the status of diabetes and its complications in the United States. It has been published every 2 years since 2012 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).

How does blood sugar management affect people with diabetes?

For people with diabetes, research 6–10 shows that: Blood sugar management can reduce the risk of eye disease, kidney disease, and nerve disease by 40%. Blood pressure management can reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke by 33% to 50% and decline in kidney function by 30% to 70%.

What is the name of the disease where blood sugar is high?

Diabetes is a group of diseases characterized by high blood sugar. When a person has diabetes, the body either does not make enough insulin (type 1) or is unable to properly use insulin (type 2). When the body does not have enough insulin or cannot use it properly, blood sugar (glucose) builds up in the blood.

What can help reduce the risk of serious diabetes related complications?

People with diabetes, their caregivers and health care providers, departments of health, policy makers, and community organizations can help to reduce the risk of serious diabetes-related complications. For people with diabetes, research 6–10 shows that:

Is CDC responsible for other organizations' web pages?

CDC is not responsible for the content of other organizations’ web pages.

Is prediabetes a type of diabetes?

Prediabetes is a condition in which blood sugar is higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. People with diabetes can develop high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and high triglycerides (a type of fat in the blood).

What is DM in diabetes?

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a disorder in which blood glucose level is persistently above the normal range. This hyperglycaemia is thought to be due to either deficiency of insulin secretion or resistance to the action of insulin, or it could also be a combination of these6,7.

What is the most effective test for glucose metabolism disorder?

OGTT is the most effective test to detect glucose metabolism disorder where it assesses the rate of glucose excretion after administration of glucose. OGTT is strongly recommended when fasting blood glucose is within 7.0-7.8 mmol/L in the diabetic range where OGTT is practical to clarify the diagnosis6,8.

How long does insulin take to work?

Insulin plays an important role in the regulation of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism where it helps to increase the glucose utilization in human body. Actrapid, soluble insulin, is a short acting form of insulin where it is normally injected into patients 15 to 30 minutes pre-meal. Actrapid is normally given in emergency cases especially in patients suspected with diabetic ketoacidosis4. It is normally administered subcutaneously as it gives a rapid onset of action (30 to 60 minutes) and a longer duration of action of up to 8 hours. One of the potential problems of insulin is hypoglycaemia where patients can be advised on how to avoid it13.

What are the different types of glucose tests?

There are three different types of plasma glucose test that can be used which include casual plasma glucose, fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). According to WHO, there are three main criteria to be met to confirm diabetes in patients.

Is metformin good for diabetes?

Just as mentioned in this patient, he is a newly diagnosed diabetes patient who is overweight and he was given metformin 500 mg twice daily.

Case Presentation

A.B. is a retired 69-year-old man with a 5-year history of type 2 diabetes. Although he was diagnosed in 1997, he had symptoms indicating hyperglycemia for 2 years before diagnosis.

Discussion

A.B. presented with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes and a complex set of comorbidities, all of which needed treatment. The first task of the NP who provided his care was to select the most pressing health care issues and prioritize his medical care to address them. Although A.B.

Summary

Advanced practice nurses are ideally suited to play an integral role in the education and medical management of people with diabetes. 15 The combination of clinical skills and expertise in teaching and counseling enhances the delivery of care in a manner that is both cost-reducing and effective.

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