clinical log report example for a patient with copd

What are the diagnostic findings of COPD?

Assessment and Diagnostic Findings. COPD is characterized by a mismatch of perfusion and ventilation (i.e., areas of abnormal ventilation in area of perfusion defect). Complete blood count (CBC) and differential: Increased hemoglobin (advanced emphysema ), increased eosinophils (asthma).

What is the nursing assessment for COPD?

Nursing Assessment 1 Assess patient’s exposure to risk factors. 2 Assess the patient’s past and present medical history. 3 Assess the signs and symptoms of COPD and their severity. 4 Assess the patient’s knowledge of the disease. 5 Assess the patient’s vital signs. 6 Assess breath sounds and pattern.

What are the indications for hospitalization for acute exacerbation of COPD?

Indications for hospitalization for acute exacerbation of COPD include severe dyspnea that does not respond to initial therapy, confusion or lethargy, respiratory muscle fatigue, paradoxical chest wall movement, and peripheral edema. Oxygen therapy. Upon arrival of the patient in the emergency room,...

What are the signs and symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)?

COPD is a progressive disease and clinical manifestations develop slowly. Early signs include chronic cough, usually with sputum production and dyspnea, especially upon exertion.

What are my clinical manifestations of a patient who has COPD?

Symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and wheezing. It's typically caused by long-term exposure to irritating gases or particulate matter, most often from cigarette smoke. People with COPD are at increased risk of developing heart disease, lung cancer and a variety of other conditions.

What assessment findings would you expect in a patient with COPD?

Findings indicating COPD include: An expanded chest (barrel chest). Wheezing during normal breathing. Taking longer to exhale fully.

How do you score the Clinical COPD Questionnaire?

Items are scored on a Likert scale (range 0–60). The final score is the sum of all items divided by 10; separate scores for all three domains can be calculated. Higher scores indicate a worse health status. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the CCQ total score is −0.4.

How would you describe a patient with COPD?

What is COPD? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a long-lasting lung disease where the small airways in the lungs are damaged, making it harder for air to get in and out. COPD is called obstructive because it limits the flow of air into and out of your lungs.

How do you describe lung sounds with COPD?

Coarse crackles heard at the beginning of inspiration are commonly heard in patients with COPD, especially those with chronic bronchitis. These crackles have a “popping-like” character, vary in number and timing and may be heard over any lung region.

What are the 5 symptoms of COPD?

What Are COPD Symptoms?Chronic cough.Shortness of breath while doing everyday activities (dyspnea)Frequent respiratory infections.Blueness of the lips or fingernail beds (cyanosis)Fatigue.Producing a lot of mucus (also called phlegm or sputum)Wheezing.

What are 10 important points about the care of patients with COPD?

10 Tips for Managing COPDGive up smoking. Giving up nicotine is one of the most important things you can do for your health. ... Eat right and exercise. ... Get rest. ... Take your medications correctly. ... Use oxygen appropriately. ... Retrain your breathing. ... Avoid infections. ... Learn techniques to bring up mucus.More items...

What symptom is typical in a person with moderate COPD?

Constant coughing, along with mucus, that's often worse in the morning. Shortness of breath that makes even household chores a challenge. Tiredness.

What are the 4 main symptoms of COPD?

Symptoms of COPD include:Frequent coughing or wheezing.Excess phlegm or sputum.Shortness of breath.Trouble taking a deep breath.

How does COPD affect the body?

COPD is predominantly caused by smoking, although factors such as occupational exposures.

What is the condition that occurs secondary to primary pulmonary disease?

One condition that occurs secondary to primary pulmonary disease is cor pulmonale. Cor pulmonale occurs when the alveoli are not ventilated; they become hypoxic and the blood. capillaries constrict.

Why is air trapped in the lungs?

Air can also become trapped in the lungs because of a loss of elasticity in and collapse of smaller airways. When the patient has 'trapped air', the muscles of inspiration, such as the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, become inefficient and tire easily.

Is COPD incurable?

Although COPD the symptoms of COPD are treatable, the disease is incurable and the condition is chronic and progressive (NICE, 2010). It is reasonable to assume therefore, that patients with COPD. would benefit from many palliative care principles and practices.

Does smoking cause emphysema?

Smoke can also damage the respiratory bronchioles and the alveoli by attracting neutrophils that release enzymes called proteases and elastase. In susceptible individuals this results in the destruction of the alveoli, as occurs in emphysema. In emphysema the alveolar walls become damaged and may coalesce.

Is there a cure for COPD?

circulation, which can cause right-sided heart failure and pulmonary artery hypertension. There is currently no cure for COPD. Treatment is aimed at managing symptoms, improving quality of life and reducing exacerbations.

Is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease reversible?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a chronic progressive lung disease caused predominantly by smoking National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence NICE, 2010. It is characterised by airflow obstruction which is not fully reversible. The airflow obstruction does not change markedly over several months and is usually progressive in ...

How old is the female astronomer who smokes?

A 38 year old female amateur astronomer, all the while knowing better, has smoked since she was 18 years old. She has been having trouble for years with the smoke and the light of the cigarette impairing her ability to see the more distant galaxies through her telescope, but she has not been willing to quit yet.

Is chest x-ray a good test for COPD?

A chest x-ray would be a reasonable study to look for masses, infiltrates, edema, or signs of obstructive airflow suggestive of COPD. A normal chest x-ray does not rule out COPD.

Is spirometry a good way to diagnose COPD?

Unless contraindicated, spirometry should always be obtained to evaluate any patient suspected of COPD. Spirometry is the gold standard for diagnosing COPD and assessing its severity. At this point in the evaluation, a costly and potentially harmful CT of the chest would not be warranted.

What are the objectives of COPD treatment?

If the COPD is mild, the objectives of the treatment are to increase exercise tolerance and prevent further loss of pulmonary function, while if COPD is severe, these objectives are to preserve current pulmonary function and relieve symptoms as much as possible. Temperature control.

What is the airflow limitation in COPD?

In COPD, the airflow limitation is both progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious gases or particles. An inflammatory response occurs throughout the proximal and peripheral airways, lung parenchyma, and pulmonary vasculature.

What is COPD in nursing?

Nurses care for patients with COPD across the spectrum of care, from outpatient to home care to emergency department, critical care, and hospice settings. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a condition of chronic dyspnea with expiratory airflow limitation that does not significantly fluctuate. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease has ...

What are the two types of COPD?

There are two classifications of COPD: chronic bronchitis and emphysema. These two types of COPD can be sometimes confusing because there are patients who have overlapping signs and symptoms of these two distinct disease processes.

What is chronic obstructive lung disease?

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease has been defined by The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease as “a preventable and treatable disease with some significant extrapulmonary effects that may contribute to the severity in individual patients. ”. This updated definition is a broad description of COPD and its signs and symptoms.

What are the two main types of emphysema?

There are two main types of emphysema: panlobular and centrilobular. In panlobular , there is destruction of the respiratory bronchiole, alveolar duct, and alveolus.

Why is carbon monoxide used to measure gas diffusion across the alveocapillary membrane?

Carbon monoxide is used to measure gas diffusion across the alveocapillary membrane. Because carbon monoxide combines with hemoglobin 200 times more easily than oxygen, it easily affects the alveoli and small airways where gas exchange occurs. Emphysema is the only obstructive disease that causes diffusion dysfunction.