which nursing action would protect a patient from an infection at the portal of entry?

The nurse would take which action to protect the client from infection at the portal of entry? 1. Place sputum specimen in a bio-hazard bag for transport to the lab 2. Empty Jackson-Pratt drain using sterile technique 3. Dispose of solid gloves in waste container 1. Wash hands before and after client care 2. Keep sterile field in view at all times

Full Answer

What do nurses need to know about infection control?

Link 5: Portal of entry. The microorganism must enter the body before a person can be infected. The portal of entry to the susceptible host is generally the same as the portal of exit from the host. Link 6: Susceptible host. Any impairment of the body's natural defenses makes an individual a susceptible host who's at risk for infection.

What are the basic principles of infection control?

Portal of entry These infectious agents need a way to enter the body such as ingestion, inhalation and inoculation. Any indwelling device such as a urinary catheter or cannula also allows pathogens to enter the body. Susceptible host Reduced immunity through chemotherapy or antibiotics can make some patients more vulnerable to infection.

What are the six links in the chain of transmission of infection?

Aug 12, 2021 · Nursing Assessment. The nurse obtains the client’s history, conducts physical assessment, and gathers laboratory data.. History. During the nursing history, the nurse assesses (a) the degree to which the client is at risk of developing an infection and (b) any client complaints suggesting the presence of an infection.

What is portal of entry and susceptible host?

Which nursing actions protect patients as susceptible hosts in the chain of infections? Select all that apply. 1. Wearing personal protective equipment 2. Administering childhood immunizations 3. Recapping a used needle before discarding. 4. Instituting prescribed immunoglobulin therapy. 5. Disposing of soiled gloves in a waste container. 2, 4.

What should the nurse do first to prevent patient infections?

Hand hygiene. Hand hygiene is a simple but very effective infection control method that includes washing with soap and water and applying alcohol-based sanitizer. The CDC's Clean Hands Count campaign encourages nurses, patients, caretakers and visitors to practice good hand hygiene by cleaning their hands frequently.Jun 30, 2020

What is the best action the nurse can take to prevent infection?

Under the universal precautions rule, nurses must wear personal protective equipment when coming into contact with the specified body fluids. Hand washing is another potent weapon in the nurse's arsenal against infection, and is the single most important nursing intervention to prevent infection.

What should the nurse do to interrupt the transmission link in the chain of infection?

Break the chain by cleaning your hands frequently, staying up to date on your vaccines (including the flu shot), covering coughs and sneezes and staying home when sick, following the rules for standard and contact isolation, using personal protective equipment the right way, cleaning and disinfecting the environment, ...

Which precaution does the nurse take to minimize the risk of spreading infection after attending to a patient?

Hand hygiene is the most important measure to prevent the spread of infections among patients and DHCP. Education and training programs should thoroughly address indications and techniques for hand hygiene practices before performing routine and oral surgical procedures.

What is the nurses role in infection control?

An infection control nurse is a registered nurse (RN) who implements best practices for halting the spread of viruses and bacteria and delivers top care to patients who have contracted infectious diseases.

How do hospitals prevent infection?

10 Steps to Preventing Spread of Infection in HospitalsWash Your Hands. ... Create an Infection-Control Policy. ... Identify Contagions ASAP. ... Provide Infection Control Education. ... Use Gloves. ... Provide Isolation-Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment. ... Disinfect and Keep Surfaces Clean. ... Prevent Patients From Walking Barefoot.More items...•Feb 20, 2017

Who is responsible for infection prevention and control in a healthcare setting?

An Infection Prevention and Control Lead (IPC Lead) is a person who has completed a professional training course that allows them to take responsibility for preventing and controlling infection in a healthcare setting.Mar 29, 2021

What is the most effective way to prevent infection?

Good hygiene: the primary way to prevent infectionsWash your hands well. ... Cover a cough. ... Wash and bandage all cuts. ... Do not pick at healing wounds or blemishes, or squeeze pimples.Don't share dishes, glasses, or eating utensils.Avoid direct contact with napkins, tissues, handkerchiefs, or similar items used by others.

What are the two tiers of precautions to prevent the transmission of infectious agents?

There are 2 tiers of recommended precautions to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings: Standard Precautions and Transmission-Based Precautions.

What precautions can you take to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases?

How to Reduce Your Risk of Infectious DiseasesWash Your Hands.Avoid Sharing Items.Cover Your Mouth.Get Vaccinated.Wear a Face Mask.Practice Food Safety.Travel Safely.Practice Safe Sex.More items...

What is standard precaution in infection control?

Standard Precautions. Standard precautions are a set of infection control practices used to prevent transmission of diseases that can be acquired by contact with blood, body fluids, non-intact skin (including rashes), and mucous membranes.Dec 28, 2021

Which nursing intervention should a nurse perform while dealing with a patient with a droplet infection?

Droplet Isolation PrecautionsWear A Mask. ... Wear Goggles. ... Remove PPE and Perform Hand Washing After Completing Care and Leaving the Room. ... The Patient Should Be in a Negative-Pressure Room. ... Wear an Appropriate Respirator. ... Dispose of PPE in the Adjunct Room, Not Another Patient's Room.Apr 18, 2017

What is the portal of entry to the susceptible host?

The portal of entry to the susceptible host is generally the same as the portal of exit from the host.

What are the links of the chain of infection?

Links of the chain include the microorganism (causative agent), reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host (see Chain of infection ).

What are the risk factors for infection?

Any impairment of the body's natural defenses makes an individual a susceptible host who's at risk for infection. Risk factors include: 1 age (very young and very old) 2 immune suppression treatment for cancer or organ transplant 3 immune deficiency conditions 4 chronic disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and end-stage renal disease, and disorders that require immunosuppressive therapy, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn disease, and multiple sclerosis.

Why is MRSA a superbug?

MRSA is a multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) that's labeled as a “superbug” because it's resistant to many antibiotics. The first case in the United States was identified in Boston in 1968. Although it isn't possible to predict which patients will contract HAIs, as healthcare professionals we can't make the assumption that “everyone has MRSA” because this puts all patients at risk, especially if an exposure to MRSA or any other MDRO in the hospital by a patient who's immunocompromised might result in that patient's death.

When should gloves be worn?

Gloves should be worn when touching blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, mucous membranes, and contaminated items, and for any activities involving vascular access.

What are the factors that influence the rik of infection?

But there are also microorganisms that have the potential to infect a limited number of people, such as tuberculosis. Factors that influence the ability of a microorganism to cause infection include the number of microorganisms present, the potency of the microorganism, the ability of the agent to enter the body, the susceptibility of the host, and whether the organism can live in the host's body.

How does measles spread?

The disease is spread when an infected person breathes, coughs, or sneezes; through direct contact with infectious droplets; or by airborne contact.

What is the chain of infection?

Transmission of infection is considered to be a cycle, commonly referred to as ‘The chain of infection’. In order to prevent the transmission of infection it is necessary to break the chain.

What are the most common causes of urinary tract infections?

However, these organisms are also some of the most common causes of opportunistic urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal and bloodstream infections. They include species such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. Carbapenems are a valuable family of antibiotics normally reserved for serious infections caused by drug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (including Enterobacteriaceae). They include meropenem, ertapenem and imipenem. Carbapenemases are enzymes that destroy carbapenem antibiotics, conferring resistance. They are made by a small but growing number of Enterobacteriaceae strains. There are different types of carbapenemases, of which KPC, OXA-48, NDM and VIM enzymes are currently the most common.

How do microbes spread?

Some microbes, when ingested, cause gastrointestinal infection which is excreted in faeces. Transmission to another person occurs when these micro-organisms contaminate hands or surfaces, through inadequate hand hygiene, which in turn contaminate the next person’s hands and are then ingested.

What is the Estates Department?

The Estates department are responsible for the maintenance & surveillance of the healthcare environment including that of the water supply for pathogenic bacteria. They work closely with Infection Prevention team and together they have established a Water Safety Group to help prevent the transmission of infection to vulnerable patients such as neonates, haematology and critical (augmented) care patients.

Why do we wear fluid repellent apron?

The aim of wearing either a fluid repellent apron or gown is to protect the healthcare workers’ clothing/ uniform from contamination with micro organisms, blood and body fluids, secretions and excretions, and protect the patient from micro organisms.

What is the function of flora?

Normal flora or ‘commensal organisms’, form part of the body’s, normal defence mechanisms, and protect the skin from invasion by more harmful micro-organisms. They rarely cause disease and are of minor significance in routine clinical situations.

What is the selection of PPE?

The selection of PPE must be based on a risk assessment of the risk of transmission of microorganisms to the patient, and the risk of contamination of the healthcare worker’s clothing and skin by patients’ blood, body secretions, or excretions.

Defenses Against Infection

Individuals have defenses that protect the body from infection; they are categorized as specific and non specific defenses.

Infection Prevention and Control

Because it is not always possible to know which clients may have infectious organisms, a set of guidelines has been established by the CDC and other organizations outlining steps all healthcare workers must follow to reduce the chances that organisms in blood and potentially infectious organisms from other body tissues will be transmitted from the client to other individuals..

How to break the chain of infection?

Break the Chain of Infection 1 Infectious agent is the pathogen (germ) that causes diseases 2 Reservoir includes places in the environment where the pathogen lives (this includes people, animals and insects, medical equipment, and soil and water) 3 Portal of exit is the way the infectious agent leaves the reservoir (through open wounds, aerosols, and splatter of body fluids including coughing, sneezing, and saliva) 4 Mode of transmission is the way the infectious agent can be passed on (through direct or indirect contact, ingestion, or inhalation) 5 Portal of entry is the way the infectious agent can enter a new host (through broken skin, the respiratory tract, mucous membranes, and catheters and tubes) 6 Susceptible host can be any person (the most vulnerable of whom are receiving healthcare, are immunocompromised, or have invasive medical devices including lines, devices, and airways)

What is a susceptible host?

Susceptible host can be any person (the most vulnerable of whom are receiving healthcare, are immunocompromised, or have invasive medical devices including lines, devices, and airways) The way to stop germs from spreading is by interrupting this chain at any link.

What is the mode of transmission?

Mode of transmission is the way the infectious agent can be passed on (through direct or indirect contact, ingestion, or inhalation) Portal of entry is the way the infectious agent can enter a new host (through broken skin, the respiratory tract, mucous membranes, and catheters and tubes)