10 hours ago · Salmonella enteritidis meningitis in a first time diagnosed AIDS patient: case report. We describe a patient with salmonella enteritidis meningitis and unknown HIV infection.SETTING: A 14-bed adult intensive care unit in a tertiary hospital.The patient was brought to the emergency department with fever, nuchal rigidity and confusion. >> Go To The Portal
Worldwide, there is one report of a previously healthy adult in Greece with Salmonella meningitis ultimately leading to the diagnosis of AIDS. We present the first case, to our knowledge, of Salmonella meningitis leading to a new diagnosis of AIDS in an adult patient in the United States. 2.
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A 43-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever, headache, malaise and confusion. His colleagues who brought him to the hospital reported bizarre behaviour and difficulty in communication. His temperature was 38, 5°C, blood pressure 135/70 mmHg, pulse rate 90/min, sinus rhythm. Under examination the patient was alert, but slowly reactive and disorientated. Except for stiffness of neck, the rest of his physical examination was unremarkable.
Salmonellae are motile gram-negative bacilli, which infect or colonize a wide range of mammalian hosts. In humans can cause gastroenteritis, enteric (typhoid) fever, bacteremia, absess, osteomyelitis. After entering the bloodstream all tissue and organ life is susceptable. Localization of systemic infections is associated with certain predisposed conditions (pneumonia or empyema with malignancy, diabetes, sickle cell disease-urinary tract infections with urolithiasis, structural abnormalities, immunosuppression-osteomyelitis with sickle cell disease, sickle-C disease and sickle thalassemia etc). Salmonella meningitis is a rare complication and is prevalent in infants and young children [ 1 ]. Cerebrospinal fluid studies are usually normal or reveal a mild pleocytosis, even in patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms [ 2 ]. There is also evidence that immunocompromized patients fare poorly with typhoidal infections, while HIV-infected patients are prone to more severe and complicated non typhoidal salmonellosis [ 2 ]. Such patients who are not aware of their HIV status, or are not under medical supervision, may present with their first opportunistic infection in the central nervous system. These patients appear susceptible to the following: toxoplasma encephalitis, cytomegalovirus encephalitis, neurocysticercosis, tuberculosis, cryptococcal meningitis, brain absesses secondary to staphylococcus, streptococcus, salmonella, aspergillus, nocardia, rhodococcus, or listeria. While most of these entities are less likely to occur, toxoplasma encephalitis is a condition that predominates [ 3 ]. Here we present a case of meningitis caused by salmonella enteritidis in a HIV infected patient who was unaware of his severe immune suppression. He was admitted with neuropsychiatric symptoms, fever and a non diagnostic CSF examination.
A 43-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever, headache, malaise and confusion. His colleagues who brought him to the hospital reported bizarre behaviour and difficulty in communication. His temperature was 38, 5°C, blood pressure 135/70 mmHg, pulse rate 90/min, sinus rhythm. Under examination the patient was alert, but slowly reactive and disorientated. Except for stiffness of neck, the rest of his physical examination was unremarkable.
Salmonellae are motile gram-negative bacilli, which infect or colonize a wide range of mammalian hosts. In humans can cause gastroenteritis, enteric (typhoid) fever, bacteremia, absess, osteomyelitis. After entering the bloodstream all tissue and organ life is susceptable. Localization of systemic infections is associated with certain predisposed conditions (pneumonia or empyema with malignancy, diabetes, sickle cell disease-urinary tract infections with urolithiasis, structural abnormalities, immunosuppression-osteomyelitis with sickle cell disease, sickle-C disease and sickle thalassemia etc). Salmonella meningitis is a rare complication and is prevalent in infants and young children [ 1 ]. Cerebrospinal fluid studies are usually normal or reveal a mild pleocytosis, even in patients with neuropsychiatric symptoms [ 2 ]. There is also evidence that immunocompromized patients fare poorly with typhoidal infections, while HIV-infected patients are prone to more severe and complicated non typhoidal salmonellosis [ 2 ]. Such patients who are not aware of their HIV status, or are not under medical supervision, may present with their first opportunistic infection in the central nervous system. These patients appear susceptible to the following: toxoplasma encephalitis, cytomegalovirus encephalitis, neurocysticercosis, tuberculosis, cryptococcal meningitis, brain absesses secondary to staphylococcus, streptococcus, salmonella, aspergillus, nocardia, rhodococcus, or listeria. While most of these entities are less likely to occur, toxoplasma encephalitis is a condition that predominates [ 3 ]. Here we present a case of meningitis caused by salmonella enteritidis in a HIV infected patient who was unaware of his severe immune suppression. He was admitted with neuropsychiatric symptoms, fever and a non diagnostic CSF examination.