quizlet patient confused after dialysis report or reorient them notify physician

What does the client complain about during the infusion of dialysate?

During the infusion of the dialysate the client complains of abdominal pain. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Which hemodialysis client is at risk for steal syndrome?

The hemodialysis client with a left arm fistula is at risk for steal syndrome. The nurse assesses this client for which of the following clinical manifestations? Warmth. redness. and pain in the left hand.

How do you respond to a patient who is struggling?

Acknowledge when responses are correct. If the patient gropes for a word, gently provide assistance. Make it clear that the encounter is not a "test" but rather a search for information to help the patient. Use simple, direct wording.

What are the signs and symptoms of early stage renal failure?

Pallor. diminished pulse. and pain in the left hand. Aching pain. pallor. and edema in the left arm. 4. A client is admitted to the hospital and has a diagnosis of early stage chronic renal failure. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on assessment of the client? 5.

Who is the best source for providing information for the disoriented older adult client?

Who is the best source for providing information for the disoriented older adult client? 3. The client's spouse at the bedside.

Which issue is the leading risk factor for delirium?

Older patients, over 65 years, are at highest risk for developing delirium. People with previous brain disease or brain damage are also at risk. Some patients become agitated, while others may be quietly confused.

Which of the following is most likely to indicate pain in a patient with cognitive impairment quizlet?

Studies indicate that facial expression of pain is one of the most sensitive and reliable behavioral indicators of pain. Data support the utility of facial grimacing in the assessment of pain in both cognitively intact and cognitively impaired individuals.

What is a key difference between dementia and delirium quizlet?

): Delirium is typically caused by acute illness or drug toxicity (sometimes life threatening) and is often reversible. Dementia is typically caused by anatomic changes in the brain, has slower onset, and is generally irreversible.

What causes confusion?

Common causes of sudden confusion a lack of oxygen in the blood (hypoxia) – the cause could be anything from a severe asthma attack to a problem with the lungs or heart. an infection anywhere in the body, especially in elderly people. a stroke or TIA ('mini stroke') a low blood sugar level (hypoglycaemia)

How is delirium confirmed?

Physical and neurological exams. The doctor performs a physical exam, checking for signs of health problems or underlying disease. A neurological exam — checking vision, balance, coordination and reflexes — can help determine if a stroke or another neurological disease is causing the delirium.

What factors may be signs of pain in a person with impaired cognition?

In persons with cognitive impairments, pain indicators may present as behaviors that are characteristic of other unmet needs. For example, some indicators may in fact indicate hunger, thirst, overstimulation, understimulation, depression, or anxiety, among others.

What are cognitive changes?

Cognitive Changes with MS These may be described as follows: Information-processing skills affect our ability to focus, maintain, and shift our attention from one thing to another without losing track of what we were doing, as well as managing incoming information quickly.

What is the most accurate method to determine the pain level of a patient who is alert and oriented?

Self-Report of Pain The patient's self-report is the most accurate and reliable evidence of the existence of pain and its intensity, [2] [4] [6] and this holds true for patients of all ages, regardless of communication or cognitive deficits.

How can you tell the difference between delirium and dementia?

The differences between dementia and delirium. Dementia develops over time, with a slow progression of cognitive decline. Delirium occurs abruptly, and symptoms can fluctuate during the day. The hallmark separating delirium from underlying dementia is inattention.

Which are the two major types of confusion?

The two types of delirium are:Hyperactive delirium: The person becomes overactive (agitated or restless).Hypoactive delirium: The person is underactive (sleepy and slow to respond).

Is delirium a symptom of dementia?

The presence of dementia makes the brain more susceptible to developing a delirium. Dementia, diagnosed or undiagnosed, increases the risk of developing delirium approximately five-fold. Although the time course and pattern of symptoms differ, many of the symptoms of delirium and dementia are shared.

What is the intervention for a patient with DDS?

Intervention: Protect patient and access arm from harm, treat hypotension, DDS and hypotension if indicated, administer oxygen, provide airway support, and discontinue dialysis if no response.

What is the symptom of a decrease in VP with no change in BFR?

SYMPTOMS: Decrease in VP with no change in BFR, visible clots in the venous drip chamber or line, rapid filling of transducer protectors( if applicable,) dark blood, unable to rinse back patient's blood

What is an intervention in a hospital?

INTERVENTION: stop blood pump, clamp lines, do not return blood, licensed nurse assess patient and notifies MD, administer of O2, monitor VS and cardiac rhythm, check hemoglobin and potassium.

What to do if a patient does not understand you?

If the patient hears you but does not understand you, rephrase your statement. Although open-ended questions are advisable in most interview situations, patients with cognitive impairments often have difficulty coping with them. Consider using a yes-or-no or multiple-choice format.

What to do if a patient gropes for a word?

If the patient gropes for a word, gently provide assistance.

How to work with cognitively impaired patients?

For instance, they likely will have trouble following any instructions about their care, including how and when to take prescriptions. Make sure someone can closely monitor care management, and try to involve a care partner whenever possible.

What are the symptoms of a confused client?

A confused client may not remember that he just had breakfast. Personality changes including mood swings, suspiciousness, and delusions may be seen. Disorientation is another common symptom. The confused client may have difficulty remembering the day of the week, season, or even the time of day. They may not be able to find their away around their home or neighborhood and may not remember the names of people whom he has not seen for awhile. The confused client may stop socializing with others and neglect established friendships.

What causes confusion in the elderly?

While dementia may be the result of other nervous system disorders, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of chronic confusion in the elderly and is currently incurable. It is a progressive disease of brain cells in which the client loses mental and physical ability. In AD, the confusion and the loss of functional ability are caused by brain cell death (tangles) and interruption in communication of brain cells (amyloid plaques).

What is a catastrophic reaction?

Catastrophic reactions occur when confused clients cannot cope with the stress around them. Unable to understand what is happening and respond appropriately, the client becomes distressed and may strike out in anger or fear. During a catastrophic reaction, the client cannot control his behavior.

Do clients seem to be bothered by confusion?

Some clients do not appear to be bothered by their confusion. They are pleasant and agreeable when care is being given. Other clients have a hard time dealing with their confusion. They may respond in a physical, behavioral, or functional manner. Table 6.2 lists examples of each of these types of responses.