patient with multiple sclerosis case report

Full Answer

What are the key clinical findings of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS)?

The purpose of this fictional case study is to highlight key clinical findings in a patient diagnosed with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS). The patient discussed throughout the case study presents with chronic fatigue, lower extremity weakness, impaired balance, lack of coordination and psychosocial characteristics.

Can physiotherapy help relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis?

This case study examines a young female patient with a typical presentation of Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis. The patient sought treatment from physiotherapy after her most recent attack left her with symptoms of fatigue, lower extremity weakness, loss of coordination and balance.

What is multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by demyelination and subsequent axonal injury and loss in the central nervous system . This injury to the central nervous system causes white matter lesions, also known as plaques, which are responsible for the patients’ symptoms.

Does second-generation GcMAF have a role in multiple sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered to be an autoimmune disorder that affects the myelinated axons in the central nervous system (CNS). This study was undertaken to examine the effects of second-generation GcMAF in a patient with MS.

How do you describe a patient with multiple sclerosis?

What is multiple sclerosis? Multiple sclerosis is a disease that causes vision problems, numbness and tingling, muscle weakness, and other problems. It happens when the body's infection-fighting system attacks and damages nerve cells and their connections in the brain and spinal cord (figure 1).

What is the number of cases reported for multiple sclerosis?

A total of 2.8 million people are estimated to live with MS worldwide (35.9 per 100,000 population). MS prevalence has increased in every world region since 2013 but gaps in prevalence estimates persist.

What is multiple sclerosis summary?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). In MS , the immune system attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers and causes communication problems between your brain and the rest of your body.

Which are the most commonly reported clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis?

More common symptomsMS Hug (Dysesthesia) Often a first symptom of MS or a relapse, an MS hug is a squeezing sensation around the torso that feels like a blood pressure cuff when it tightens.Fatigue. ... Walking (Gait) Difficulties. ... Numbness or Tingling. ... Spasticity. ... Weakness. ... Vision Problems. ... Vertigo and Dizziness.More items...

Where are the most cases of MS?

Rates of MS are higher further from the equator. It's estimated that in southern U.S. states (below the 37th parallel), the rate of MS is between 57 and 78 cases per 100,000 people. The rate is twice as high in northern states (above the 37th parallel), at about 110 to 140 cases per 100,000.

Where is multiple sclerosis most common?

The fact that multiple sclerosis is most prevalent in northern Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand has led to speculation that it has been carried around the world by European colonists and settlers.

What sclerosis means?

pathological hardening of tissueDefinition of sclerosis 1 : pathological hardening of tissue especially from overgrowth of fibrous tissue or increase in interstitial tissue also : a disease characterized by sclerosis. 2 : an inability or reluctance to adapt or compromise political sclerosis.

Why is it called multiple sclerosis?

The damaged areas develop scar tissue which gives the disease its name – multiple areas of scarring or multiple sclerosis. The cause of MS is not known, but it is believed to involve genetic susceptibility, abnormalities in the immune system and environmental factors that combine to trigger the disease.

Is MS a serious disease?

Multiple sclerosis is not generally the cause of death, but it can be a severely disabling condition. People with MS live slightly less long than those without the condition. This may be due to disease complications or other associated medical problems.

What was your first symptom of MS?

Vision problems are one of the first symptoms that are commonly reported. This includes blurry or double vision, loss of vision or color contrast, or pain while moving the eye. Vision problems can be very scary and affect your independence. Numbness and tingling can occur in your feet, legs, hands, arms or face.

What are usually the first symptoms of MS?

Common early signs of multiple sclerosis (MS) include:vision problems.tingling and numbness.pains and spasms.weakness or fatigue.balance problems or dizziness.bladder issues.sexual dysfunction.cognitive problems.

Which of the following are risk factors for multiple sclerosis?

They have identified four primary risk factors for the condition: immune system, genetics, environment, and infection. Other risk factors for MS range from smoking to having obesity. All these factors work together to help influence whether a person develops MS.

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Three years later, at 34, Janet awoke to a prickly tingling feeling...

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The neurologist made a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis based on the MRI...

In this case, there was a causal relationship between comorbid diseases

Andrea P. Lee, MD; Giulietta M. Riboldi, MD; Ilya Kister, MD; Jonathan E. Howard, MD; and Ritesh A. Ramdhani, MD

Case

Mr L is age 41 with a history of multiple sclerosis (MS), bipolar disorder, and parkinsonism that has persisted despite being off neuroleptics for 1.5 years (Figures 1 and 2).

Discussion

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease that commonly causes white matter plaques, but deep grey matter nuclei can also be affected. MS manifests with a wide range of neurologic symptoms depending on the location of lesions. Parkinsonism is rarely comorbid with MS.

Introduction

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by multiple lesions disseminated in time and space.

Case Presentation

A 51-year-old man of Mediterranean origin with an 8-year history of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) was admitted to our hospital on suspicion of a relapse.

Discussion

The rapid clinical deterioration posed a diagnostic challenge. Because of increasing anti-JCV index upon treatment with natalizumab, we speculated that PML might have occurred. However, the MRI findings were atypical (uncommon mass effect and degree of gadolinium enhancement).

Conclusions

In our patient, the results of the brain biopsy finally confirmed the diagnosis of a tumefactive MS lesion. All pathological features of MS were fulfilled including inflammatory demyelination, relative axonal preservation, and gliosis.

Data Availability Statement

The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author/s.

Ethics Statement

Written informed consent was obtained from the individual (s) for the publication of any potentially identifiable images or data included in this article.

Author Contributions

KB gave the idea of case reporting, analyzed the case, and drafted the manuscript for intellectual content. AA revised the figures and critically reviewed the manuscript. MF, NG, HH, OA, and H-PH critically reviewed the manuscript. BK prepared the MRI scans as figures and critically reviewed the manuscript.

Abstract

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Introduction

Client Characteristics

Examination Findings

Intervention

Outcomes

Discussion