a patient who has portal system encephalopathy is receiving neomycin

by Jules Jacobson Published 3 years ago Updated 2 years ago 6 min read

(Solved) A patient who has portal system encephalopathy …

10 hours ago The causes of encephalopathy are numerous and varied; they include infections, anoxia, metabolic problems, toxins, drugs, physiologic changes, trauma, and other causes. Encephalopathy is a general term that refers to brain disease, damage, or malfunction. The major symptom of encephalopathy is an altered mental state. >> Go To The Portal

Neomycin is utilized for the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections in the gut, and it can also be given to patients before they undergo a surgical procedure. It is also a treatment option for hepatic coma, a coma that is the result of a severe form of Hepatic Encephalopathy.

Full Answer

Which factor may lead to hepatic encephalopathy for a patient with cirrhosis select all that apply one some or all responses may be correct?

In patients with cirrhosis, acute encephalopathy is most commonly associated with a precipitating factor, such as electrolyte disturbance, medications, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, or infection.

Which factors may lead to the development of hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with cirrhosis?

Causes of hepatic encephalopathy include constipation, infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, certain medications, electrolyte imbalances, and noncompliance with medical therapy.Dec 15, 2011

Which individual has the greatest risk for developing hepatitis A?

Individuals at greatest risk for acquiring hepatitis A infection or developing serious complications from hepatitis A infection are:

People who use drugs (injection or non-injection)
People experiencing unstable housing or homelessness.
Men who have sexual contact with men (MSM)

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Which of the following causes a patient with advanced cirrhosis to have dark colored urine?

Bilirubin, a substance found in bile, also builds up in the bloodstream, resulting in jaundice, a yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes, as well as dark-colored urine.

Why lactulose is given in hepatic encephalopathy?

This drug is used by mouth or rectally to treat or prevent complications of liver disease (hepatic encephalopathy). It does not cure the problem, but may help to improve mental status. Lactulose is a colonic acidifier that works by decreasing the amount of ammonia in the blood. It is a man-made sugar solution.

What causes encephalopathy?

The causes of encephalopathy are numerous and varied; they include infections, anoxia, metabolic problems, toxins, drugs, physiologic changes, trauma, and other causes. Encephalopathy is a general term that refers to brain disease, damage, or malfunction. The major symptom of encephalopathy is an altered mental state.

Which precaution is most appropriate for the nurse to implement with a patient with hepatitis A?

Always wash your hands thoroughly after using the restroom and when you come in contact with an infected person's blood, stools, or other bodily fluid. Avoid unclean food and water.Jul 1, 2021

What is the most common way to get hepatitis A?

The hepatitis A virus is transmitted primarily by the faecal-oral route; that is when an uninfected person ingests food or water that has been contaminated with the faeces of an infected person. In families, this may happen though dirty hands when an infected person prepares food for family members.Jul 27, 2021

What group is at higher risk of contracting hepatitis?

Those individuals most at risk for hepatitis C infection are: People who had blood transfusions, blood products, or organ donations before June, 1992, when sensitive tests for HCV were introduced for blood screening. Health care workers who suffer needle-stick accidents.

What is the best treatment for liver cirrhosis?

If cirrhosis progresses and your liver is severely damaged, a liver transplant may be the only treatment option. This is a major operation that involves removing your diseased liver and replacing it with a healthy liver from a donor.

What causes dark colored urine?

Urine naturally has some yellow pigments called urobilin or urochrome. The darker urine is, the more concentrated it tends to be. Dark urine is most commonly due to dehydration. However, it may be an indicator that excess, unusual, or potentially dangerous waste products are circulating in the body.

What causes portal vein hypertension?

Portal hypertension is a term used to describe elevated pressures in the portal venous system (a major vein that leads to the liver). Portal hypertension may be caused by intrinsic liver disease, obstruction, or structural changes that result in increased portal venous flow or increased hepatic resistance.

Why does HE occur in the setting of advanced liver disease and portal hypertension?

HE is thought to occur in the setting of advanced liver disease and portal hypertension because gut-derived toxins (including ammonia) either are not metabolized by the injured liver or bypass the liver completely because of collateral formation as a result of portal hypertension.

What antibiotics are used for HE?

Many antibiotics have been used. The best data are for neomycin and rifaximin. In small studies, both have shown promise in the treatment of acute HE. Other antibiotics, including metronidazole and oral vancomycin, have also been used, although the data supporting this indication is weak.

What are the symptoms of HE?

The symptoms of HE may mimic other disease states, such as transient ischemic attacks (TIA)/cardiovascular accidents, intracranial hemorrhage (spontaneous or traumatic), brain tumors, post-ictal states, or other toxic metabolic encephalopathies, such as drug overdose and alcohol intoxication.

Is he a symptomatic disease?

Despite the chronicity of the underlying disease state, patients with HE are not symptomatic all of the time. In fact, symptoms may rapidly develop and then rapidly resolve with medical therapy. This is because HE is frequently characterized by a precipitating factor.

Is a seizure a post ictal state?

A history of head trauma may be suggestive of intracranial hemorrhage. History of a seizure disorder or a recent witnessed seizure should raise the possibility of a post-ictal state. A possible suicide attempt should raise the question of medication-induced toxic encephalopathy.

Is neomycin a second line?

Neomycin is considered second-line therapy instead of rifax imin if rifaximin cannot be obtained. It should not be used in combination with rifaximin. Side effects, including nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, must be monitored.