a nurse is aring for a patient with type 1 diaetes mellitus who report

What would a patient with Type 1 diabetes mellitus see the nurse?

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus is seeing the nurse to review foot care. What would be a priority instruction for the nurse to give the patient? A. Examine feet weekly for redness, blisters, and abrasions.

What is the nurse monitoring a client newly diagnosed with diabetes?

The nurse is monitoring a client newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus for signs of complications. Which sign or symptom, if frequently exhibited in the client, indicates that the client is at risk for chronic complications of diabetes if the blood glucose is not adequately managed?

What did the nurse misread the patient's glucose level?

The nurse misread the client's morning blood glucose level as 210 mg/dL instead of 120 mg/dL and administered the insulin dose appropriate for a reading over 200 mg/dL before the client's breakfast. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?

What are the physical findings of a nurse with diabetes?

The nurse performs a physical assessment on a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Findings include a fasting blood glucose level of 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L), temperature of 101° F (38.3° C), pulse of 82 beats per minute, respirations of 20 breaths per minute, and blood pressure of 118/68 mm Hg.

What does a nurse note when a patient has type 1 diabetes mellitus?

What is a nurse's job?

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What should you watch for and report to the nurse when caring for a diabetic patient?

Observing the patient's health, exercise and food intake routines are an important part of care. Be sure to report any unusual signs or symptoms as well as any wounds. Monitor and report the patient's glucose levels and medication administration.

What are the nursing assessment findings that could indicate a patient has type 1 diabetes?

Fasting blood sugar (FBS). If the blood glucose level is elevated or ketonuria is present, a fasting blood sugar is performed; an FBS result of 200 mg/dl or higher almost certainly is diagnostic for diabetes when other signs are present.

What is the general approach to the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Approach Considerations. Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) require lifelong insulin therapy. Most require 2 or more injections of insulin daily, with doses adjusted on the basis of self-monitoring of blood glucose levels.

How do you care for a Type 1 diabetic patient?

To treat type 1 diabetes, you need insulin. You can give yourself insulin through an insulin pump, an insulin pen, or a syringe (needle). Insulin, exercise, and a healthy diet can help prevent or delay problems from diabetes.

What are the symptoms of diabetes type 1?

you have symptoms of type 1 diabetes, including:feeling very thirsty.peeing more than usual, particularly at night.feeling very tired.losing weight without trying.thrush that keeps coming back.blurred vision.cuts and grazes that are not healing.fruity-smelling breath.

How is type 1 diabetes diagnosed?

Health care professionals most often use the random plasma glucose (RPG) test to diagnose type 1 diabetes. This blood test measures your blood glucose level at a single point in time. Sometimes health professionals also use the A1C blood test to find out how long someone has had high blood glucose.

What is the first line treatment for type 1 diabetes?

Insulin injected subcutaneously is the first-line treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). The different types of insulin vary with respect to onset and duration of action. Short-, intermediate-, and long-acting insulins are available.

How do you assess a patient with diabetes mellitus?

The nurse should assess the following for patients with Diabetes Mellitus:Assess the patient's history. ... Assess physical condition. ... Assess the body mass index and visual acuity of the patient.Perform examination of foot, skin, nervous system and mouth.Laboratory examinations.

What is the treatment protocol for diabetes?

TreatmentHealthy eating.Regular exercise.Weight loss.Possibly, diabetes medication or insulin therapy.Blood sugar monitoring.

What kind of diet should a type 1 diabetic eat?

What does a type 1 diabetes diet look like?Choose healthful protein foods. Including protein in every meal can help balance blood sugar. ... Eat plenty of nonstarchy vegetables. ... Include nuts, seeds, beans, and legumes. ... Choose whole grains. ... Opt for healthful fats. ... Stay hydrated.

How often should type 1 diabetics check blood sugar?

Your health care provider may recommend blood sugar testing 4 to 10 times a day if you have type 1 diabetes. You may need to test: Before meals and snacks. Before and after exercise.

What are some complications of type 1 diabetes?

ComplicationsHeart and blood vessel disease. ... Nerve damage (neuropathy). ... Kidney damage (nephropathy). ... Eye damage. ... Foot damage. ... Skin and mouth conditions. ... Pregnancy complications.

What are some complications of Type 1 diabetes?

ComplicationsHeart and blood vessel disease. ... Nerve damage (neuropathy). ... Kidney damage (nephropathy). ... Eye damage. ... Foot damage. ... Skin and mouth conditions. ... Pregnancy complications.

What are the nursing interventions for diabetes?

Nursing InterventionsEducate about home glucose monitoring. ... Review factors in glucose instability. ... Encourage client to read labels. ... Discuss how client's antidiabetic medications work. ... Check viability of insulin. ... Review type of insulin used. ... Check injection sites periodically.

What is the nursing diagnosis for hypoglycemia?

Nursing Diagnosis: Unstable Blood Glucose Level related to insufficient checking of blood sugar levels and lack of compliance to proper diabetes management secondary to hypoglycemia as evidenced by fatigue and tremors.

What is an expected urinary finding in a patient who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes with elevated glucose levels?

Urine tests for diabetes look for ketones in the urine. Urine tests may be done in people with diabetes to evaluate severe hyperglycemia (severe high blood sugar) by looking for ketones in the urine. Ketones are a metabolic product produced when fat is metabolized.

What is the first indication of renal damage in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Microalbuminuria is the first indication of renal damage in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, the nurse would assess the patient's urinary output. Also, the nurse should expect to implement a 24-hour urine test for creatinine clearance to detect the early onset of nephropathy.

Why does polyuria occur in type 1 diabetes?

The resulting hyperglycemia leads to​ polyuria, glucosuria, and blurred vision. Polyuria occurs because water is drawn into the general​ circulation, increasing renal blood flow.

Why is carbohydrate counting important?

Carbohydrates are essential for everyone, especially diabetic patients, because they provide energy. Carbohydrate counting is the main way that insulin doses are prescribed, and the disease is managed. Patients with type 1 diabetes should design their diet based on 45-65% carbohydrates.

What is the fasting glucose level in a child?

A fasting plasma glucose of 126 gm/dL or higher confirms the presence of diabetes. Weight, height, and blood pressure are not findings that support the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in children. A child presents with increased thirst, hunger, and urination. The nurse suspects the child has type 1 diabetes mellitus.

What is the fasting blood glucose level for diabetes mellitus?

A fasting blood glucose greater than or equal to 126 mg/dL would contribute to a diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. A child with fasting blood glucose of 140 mg/dL meets this criterion. The nurse is reviewing fasting serum blood glucose levels on several children on a pediatric medical-surgical unit.

What are the symptoms of DKA?

Some of the clinical manifestations of DKA are abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, and flushed ears and cheeks. Hypoglycemia would not occur if the patient missed doses of insulin; it would cause hyperglycemia. Type 2 diabetes is not a complication of type 1 diabetes; it has different causes and symptoms.

How many times should blood glucose be checked?

Blood glucose levels should be checked 3 or more times per day in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

How many units of insulin do nurses need?

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for 14 units of regular insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily. What is the total number of units of insulin that the nurse should prepare in the insulin syringe? A. 14 units. B. 28 units.

What is hyperglycemia in nursing?

Hyperglycemia: increased thirst, dehydration, warm, moist skin, hunger, weakness. A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has diabetes mellitus about preventing the long-term complications of retinopathy and nephropathy. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A.

Where should a Pt give insulin?

Pt should give insulin injections in one anatomic area for consistent day-to-day absorption. The abdomen is the area for fastest absorption. A nurse is teaching a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for glimepiride.

What is the purpose of hyperglycemia?

E. Maintain optimal blood pressure to prevent kidney damage. Hyperglycemia leads to neuropathy through blood vessels changes that cause nerve hypoxia. A nurse is reviewing the medication list for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Why should a nurse check a client's blood glucose level?

The nurse should immediately check the client's blood glucose level, expecting​ it to be low because of the excessive dose of insulin. If it is within the expected reference​ range, the nurse should continue to monitor the client for signs of hypoglycemia.

What should a nurse teach a client?

The nurse should teach the client to discard any regular insulin that appears cloudy , as regular insulin should be clear. NPH insulin has a cloudy appearance. A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and a new prescription for 14 units of regular insulin and 28 units of NPH insulin subcutaneously at breakfast daily.

How long should insulin be given before eating?

Regular insulin should be given 20 to 30 minutes before eating because the onset of action is 30​ minutes. There are circumstances when this lag time guide can be adjusted. A nurse is caring for a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling shaky and having palpitations.

What is a nurse caring for?

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who has a long history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the emergency department confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?​

How much sugar should I give to a client with hypoglycemia?

After establishing that the client has hypoglycemia, the nurse should give the client about 15 g of​ a rapid-acting, concentrated carbohydrate, such as 4 oz of fruit juice, 8 oz of skim milk, 3 tsp of sugar or honey, 3 graham crackers, or commercially prepared glucose tablets.

How to manage gestational diabetes?

Initial management of gestational diabetes begins with medical nutrition therapy and exercise. Although glyburide is appropriate for the pregnant client, as minimal amounts cross the placenta, only approximately 20% of clients with GDM will require medication after implementing appropriate lifestyle modifications.

Is insulin short acting?

Regular insulin is classified as a short-acting insulin. It can be given intravenously with an onset of action of less than 30 min. This is the insulin that is most appropriate in emergency situations of severe hyperglycemia or diabetic ketoacidosis. Click again to see term 👆. Tap again to see term 👆.

Which option is incorrect with regard to all forms of insulin?

Options 2, 3, and 4 are incorrect with regard to rapid-acting insulin. Option 2 is incorrect with regard to all forms of insulin. Long-acting insulins mimic the action of the pancreas. Regular insulin is the only insulin that can be given IV.

What should a nurse instruct the UAP?

The nurse should be sure to instruct the UAP to have the patient change positions slowly when moving from lying to sitting and standing. The nurse is preparing to review a teaching plan for a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

What does UAP mean in nursing?

An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) tells the nurse that while assisting with the morning care of a postoperative patient with type 2 diabetes who has been given insulin, the patient asked if she will always need to take insulin now.

What are the two things that a doctor should do to assess for kidney disease?

1.)Assess ability to measure and inject insulin and to monitor blood glucose levels. 2.) Assess for damage to motor fibers, which can result in muscle weakness. 3.) Assess which modifiable risk factors can be reduced. 4.) Assess for albuminuria, which may indicate kidney disease. 1.)

Can a UAP check glucose levels?

Experienced UAPs with special training can check the patient's glucose level before meals and at bedtime. It is generally not within the UAP's scope of practice to administer medications, but this is within the scope of practice of the LPN/LVN. A patient with type 1 diabetes reports feeling dizzy.

Is bed rest necessary for diabetics?

Teaching or reviewing the components of proper foot care is always a good idea with a patient with diabetes. Bed rest is not necessary, and glucose levels may be better controlled when a patient is more active.

Is HgbA1C a good indicator of blood glucose?

The higher the blood glucose level is over time, the more glycosylated the hemoglobin becomes. The HgbA1c level is a good indicator of the average blood glucose level over the previous 120 days. Fasting glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests are important diagnostic tools.

What are the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1?

Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses for diabetes mellitus type 1 are: Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to insufficient caloric intake to meet growth and development needs and the inability of the body to use nutrients.

What is Type 1 diabetes?

Type 1 diabetes or (also known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and juvenile diabetes mellitus ) is a chronic illness characterized by the body’s inability to produce insulin due to the autoimmune destruction of the beta cells in the pancreas. Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans located in the pancreas, ...

What is the purpose of continuous glucose monitoring?

The American Diabetes Association’s Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2018 recommend consideration of continuous glucose monitoring for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, whether they are using injections or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, to aid in glycemic control.

What is DM in pediatrics?

Description. Most pediatric patients with diabetes have type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and a lifetime dependence on exogenous insulin. Image via: medcomic.com. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder caused by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin, an anabolic hormone.

What are the symptoms of T1DM?

The most easily recognized symptoms of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are secondary to hyperglycemia, glycosuria, and DKA. Hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia alone may not cause obvious symptoms, although some children report general malaise, headache, and weakness; children may also appear irritable and become ill-tempered.

How does glucose level vary?

The glucose level at which symptoms develop varies greatly from individual to individual (and from time to time in the same individual), depending in part on the duration of diabetes, the frequency of hypoglycemic episodes, the rate of fall of glycemia, and overall control.

How old is Kris from Diabetes Mellitus?

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (Juvenile Diabetes) Kris, a 9-year old, loves dancing. She is a famous dancer at school, and a good one too. In between classes and dance lessons is her love for juices and carbonated drinks.

What does a nurse note when a patient has type 1 diabetes mellitus?

The nurse notes a blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL. The nurse should interpret this as an abnormal result for a. A nurse is documenting the plan of care for a patient who has type 1 diabetes mellitus that has remained unstable despite conventional insulin therapy.

What is a nurse's job?

A nurse is caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus who reports feeling anxious and having palpitations. The glucometer reads 50mg/dL. The nurse should give the patient. A nurse is reviewing the results of routine laboratory tests performed as part of a 50-year-old woman's annual physical examination.